Centrifugal machine



(No Model.)

P. P. METZGER.

` GBNTRIFUGAL MACHINE.

UNiTnD STATES Parent @risica FERDINAND F. METZGER, OF PlllliADELPl-HA, PENSYLVANIA.

CENTRIFUGAL MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 571,783, dated November 24, 1896.

Application iilecl January 2S, 1896. Serial No. 576,528. (No model.)

Be it known that I, FERDINAND F. Marzo-ER, a citizen of the United States, residing at the city of Philadelphia, in the county of Philadelphia and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Centrifugal Machines, of which the following is a specification.

My invention has relation to a centrifugal machine for precipitating solid bodies of different specific gravities contained in fluids, or for the examination of blood, sputum, and urine; and it relates more particularly to the construction and arrangement of such a ma` chine for said purposes.

The principal objects of my invention are, iirst, to provide a simple, comparatively inexpensive, and efficient apparatus for volumetric analysis and in general for bacteriological, chemical, 0r physiological research, and, second, to provide a centrifugal machine actuated by manual or ot-her power at a high rate of speed and with friction on the working parts of the driven shaft of the machine reduced toa minimum and with the effective action of the same enhanced.

My invent-ion, stated in general terms, consists of a centrifugal machine constructed and arranged in substantially the manner hereinafter described and claimed.

The nature and scope of my invention will be more fully understood from t-hc following description, taken in connection with the ac companying drawings, forming part hereof, and in which# Figure l is a view, partly in vertical central section and partly in front elevatiomwith the detachable cover-plate of the case orbox for the gear mechanism of the machine rcmoved and also showing, partly in broken section, the clamping device thereof, the said view embodying the general fea-tures of my present invention. Fig. 2 is a vertical section through the machine, showing the detail construction and arrangement of the gearactuating mechanism of the machine within a case or box; and Fie. 3 is a view, partlyin elevation and partly in section, showing the arrangement of the driven shaft of the inachine with its ball-bearing connections and the detachable bearing of the holder for vials or test-tubes established with thc shaft by a bayonet connection.

Referring to the drawings, A represents a table or other suitable supportfor the machine.

B is a circular box or case wherein is mount-ed the gear-actuating mechanism.

h is a clamp formed integral with the box or case B and provided with a tighteningscrew if, as illustrated in Figs. l and 2. The box or case B is provided with a removable front cover or ilanged plate h2, as clearlyv illustrated in Fig. i).

C is a cross-shaft mounted on and extentb ing beyond the removable front plate or cover b2. This shaft has a cylindrical portion c and a square portion c.

The shaft C is journaled at the right-hand end in a bearing c2, formed, preferably, integral with the rear plate Ui of the boi; or case B, and the opposite extremital portion of this shaft is loosely held in a Y-shaped frame D and in the removable front plate or cover h2, and extends beyond said plate and has applied thereto a detachable hand-crank C', as clearly illustrated in Fig. 2. This Y-shaped frame D is secured by means of screws c3 to lugs c4, c5, and c, formed, preferably, integral with the interior of the box or case B, as clearly illustrated in Fi g. l. Rigidly mounted on the shaft is a gear-wheel e. This wheel e meshes with a pinion c, rigidly connected with a gear-wheel c?, which is mounted on a shaft e3. The shaft c3 is journaled in the Y- shaped frame D and in the rear wall of the box or case B. rlhe gear-wheel el meshes with a pinion e, which is rigidly connected to a beveled gear-wheel This beveled gearwheel c5 is mounted on a shaft c", journaled to a lug or projection e7 of the rear plate b3 of the box, case, or housing l", as clearly illustrated in Fig. 2.

es is a small bevel-gear meshing with the large beveled gear-wheel ci. The sm all bevelgear es is mounted on a vertical driven shaft F, extending through a double-flanged tubularbearingf, formed,preferably,integral with the housing, box, or ease E, as clearlyillusw trated in Figs. l, E, and 3.

f' is a chamber formed in the lower flanged portion of the bearing f and provided with an inverted dished ring, annulus, or plug j, having a threaded periphery engaging a complementally-threaded surface of the interior of said bearing j".

f" is a bonnet or cap rigidly secured to the driven shaft F, and between the slanting curved exterior' surface of said bonnet or cap and the dished portion of said ring, annulus, or plug f3 are interposed balls f5, the said members forming a ball or roller bearing connection between said annulus or plug, bonnet or cap, and shaft F. At the upper flanged portion of the bearing f is provided a dish-shaped threaded ring, annulus, or plug f, and on said shaft F is mounted an inelin edsurface bonnet or cap fr, and between which and the annulus, ring,orplug ]au areinterposed balls f8, the said members forming a ballbearing connection between said bonnet or cap and ring, annulus, or plug and with said shaft to reduce friction to a minimum in the rapid rotation of said shaft F in the bearing j" therefor. Mounted on the shaft F is a flanged and threaded sleeve or collar f, engaging the bonnet or cap f7, and with which threaded sleeve or collar engages a jam-nut flo. The flanged portion of said sleeve or collar is provided with a vertical slot f and with a recess f12 on each side of said slot adapted to engage a pin g, projecting inwardly from the iianged tubular bearing g of the holder G, as clearly illustrated in Figs. l and The holder G, `rigidly secured to the upper end of said bearing g', may be of any suitable construction for containing and supporting to required position vials or test-tubes rotated in connection therewith by means of said shaft F at a high rate of speed for mal;- ing tests of lacteal fluids, sputum, urine, or other matter, and for permitting of the separation by centrifugal action of solid or semisolid matter that may be contained therein, or, in a word, for conducting bacteriological, chemical, and physiological research,

As practice has demonstrated, it is highly desirable that the friction on the working parts of a centrifugal machine for such purposes as hereinbefore explained required to be run at a high rate of speed be reduced as far as possible to a minimum, and by the arrangement of the driven shaft with ball or roller bearing connections, as hereinbefore explained, such results are insured in a most satisfactory manner.

The inode of operation of the machine hereinbefore described has been indicated by arrows in Fig. l of the drawings to illustrate the direction of rotation of the train of gearwheels in the case or box B, as well as the vertical driven shaft F, controlled thereby as to its rotation, and therewith the holder G, of any preferred construction and arrangement, for the purposes hereinbefore explained, among others, to which the machine is applicable by the manipulation of the handcrank C in any well-understood manner.

Having thus described the Vnature and objects of my invention, what l claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. A centrifugal machine provided with operating mechanism incased and having a removable cover, a vertical shaft provided with bonnets or caps, dish-ed rings or plugs mounted in a flanged tubular bearing, balls interposed between said bonnets or caps and rings or plugs, a flanged sleeve or collar connected with one of 'said bonnets or caps and provided with a jam-nut, the flanged portion of said sleeve or collar slotted and recessed and a test-tube holder provided 4with a pin adapted to engage through the slot of said sleeve or collar with the iianged recessed portion thereof, substantially as and for the purposes described.

2. A centrifugal machine provided with a vertical shaft extending through a tubular bearing having at each end thereof a bailbearing connection, one of said connections provided with a sleeve or collar having a slot and a recess and a test-tube holder provided with a pin, substantially as and for the purposes described.

In a centrifugal machine, a case or box having a removable cover, a clamp adapted to engage a support, a train of gears mounted in said case or box, a vertical shaft supported in a bearing, both ends of which have ballbearing connections, one of said connections provided with a sleeve or collar havinga slot` a. jam-nut engaging said sleeve or collar and a test-tube holder provided with a bearing and a pin adapted to engage the said sleeve or collar, substantially as and for the purposes described.

In testimony whereof l have hereunto set my signature in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

*ERDNAND F. METZGFR.

lVitnesses:

THOMAS M. SMITH, RICHARD C. MAXwELL.

IOO 

